Efecto de las variables operativas en la estabilidad durante el arranque de un biodigestor semi-continuo
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.19136/jeeos.a9n2.6519Palabras clave:
Anaerobic digestion, monitoring, pHResumen
La digestión anaerobia es una opción viable para el manejo y aprovechamiento de residuos de frutas y verduras (RFV) . Sin embargo, la inherente tendencia de los RFV a acidificar el medio puede inhibir el crecimiento de microorganismos. Parámetros como el pH, temperatura, tiempo de retención hidráulica (TRH) y la tasa de carga orgánica (TCO) influyen de manera significativa en la estabilidad y eficiencia de la digestión anaerobia (DA). La selección adecuada de estos parámetros de operación asegura el balance de nutrientes, la estabilidad de las comunidades microbiológicas y maximiza la producción de biogás. Este estudio analiza el impacto del TRH y la TCO durante la fase de arranque de un biodigestor semicontinuo. Un monitoreo continuo del pH, temperatura, concentración de gas metano (CH4) y dióxido de carbono (CO2) se llevó a cabo con el fin de evaluar su relación con la producción de biogás y garantizar la estabilidad del sistema. A partir del monitoreo en tiempo real del pH, se establecieron límites de pH operativos y se reguló el TRH y TCO para prevenir posibles fallos en el sistema. Se observó una mayor estabilidad del sistema con un TRH de 60 días y una TCO de 0.2104 g SV L-1 d-1 a 27ºC. Estos valores corresponden con la mayor concentración de CH4.
Referencias
[1] E. Nie, P. He, H. Zhang, L. Hao, L. Shao, and F. Lü, “How does temperature regulate anaerobic digestion?,” Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 150, Art. no. 111453, 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.rser.2021.111453.
[2] V. Pradeshwaran, V. Sundaramoorthy, and A. Saravanakumar, “A comprehensive review on biogas production from food waste: Exploring cutting-edge technologies and innovations,” Biomass and Bioenergy, vol. 188, Art. no. 107336, 2024, doi: 10.1016/j.biombioe.2024.107336.
[3] M. J. B. Kabeyi and O. A. Olanrewaju, “Technologies for biogas to electricity conversion,” Energy Reports, vol. 8, pp. 774–786, 2022, doi: 10.1016/j.egyr.2022.11.007.
[4] H. W. Ambrose, L. Philip, G. K. Suraishkumar, A. Karthikaichamy, and T. K. Sen, “Anaerobic co-digestion of activated sludge and fruit and vegetable waste: Evaluation of mixing ratio and impact of hybrid (microwave and hydrogen peroxide) sludge pretreatment on two-stage digester stability and biogas yield,” Journal of Water Process Engineering, vol. 37, Art. no. 101498, 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.jwpe.2020.101498.
[5] F. J. Ngabala and J. K. Emmanuel, “Potential substrates for biogas production through anaerobic digestion: An alternative energy source,” Heliyon, vol. 10, Art. no. e40632, 2024, doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e40632.
[6] F.-M. Pellera and E. Gidarakos, “Anaerobic digestion of solid agroindustrial waste in semi-continuous mode: Evaluation of mono-digestion and co-digestion systems,” Waste Management, vol. 68, pp. 103–119, 2017, doi: 10.1016/j.wasman.2017.06.026.
[7] R. Karki, W. Chuenchart, K. C. Surendra, S. Shrestha, L. Raskin, S. Sung, et al., “Anaerobic co-digestion: Current status and perspectives,” Bioresource Technology, vol. 330, Art. no. 125001, 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125001.
[8] L. R. Miramontes-Martínez, R. Gómez-González, J. E. Botello-Álvarez, C. Escamilla-Alvarado, A. Albalate-Ramírez, and P. Rivas-García, “Semi-continuous anaerobic co-digestion of vegetable waste and cow manure: A study of process stabilization,” Revista Mexicana de Ingeniería Química, vol. 19, pp. 1117–1134, 2020, doi: 10.24275/rmiq/proc920.
[9] N. Mlaik, S. Sayadi, N. Mnasri, S. Kechaou, S. Loukil, F. Aloui, et al., “Dry mesophilic anaerobic co-digestion of vegetable wastes with animal manures using leach bed reactor,” Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery, vol. 13, pp. 697–707, 2023, doi: 10.1007/s13399-020-01165-3.
[10] L. R. Miramontes-Martínez, P. Rivas-García, A. Albalate-Ramírez, J. E. Botello-Álvarez, C. Escamilla-Alvarado, R. Gómez-González, et al., “Anaerobic co-digestion of fruit and vegetable waste: Synergy and process stability analysis,” Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association, vol. 71, no. 5, pp. 620–632, 2021, doi: 10.1080/10962247.2021.1873206.
[11] Y. Wang, P. Yan, and M. Gai, “Dynamic Soft Sensor for Anaerobic Digestion of Kitchen Waste Based on SGSTGAT,” IEEE Sensors Journal, vol. 21, no. 17, pp. 19198–19208, 2021, doi: 10.1109/JSEN.2021.3090524.
[12] T. Gyadi, A. Bharti, S. Basack, P. Kumar, and E. Lucchi, “Influential factors in anaerobic digestion of rice-derived food waste and animal manure: A comprehensive review,” Bioresource Technology, vol. 413, Art. no. 131398, 2024, doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.131398.
[13] S. Panigrahi and B. K. Dubey, “A critical review on operating parameters and strategies to improve the biogas yield from anaerobic digestion of organic fraction of municipal solid waste,” Renewable Energy, vol. 143, pp. 779–797, 2019, doi: 10.1016/j.renene.2019.05.040.
[14] A. N. Matheri, S. N. Ndiweni, M. Belaid, E. Muzenda, and R. Hubert, “Optimising biogas production from anaerobic co-digestion of chicken manure and organic fraction of municipal solid waste,” Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 80, pp. 756–764, 2017, doi: 10.1016/j.rser.2017.05.068.
[15] X. Yan, P. Deng, T. Ding, Z. Zhang, X. Li, and Z. Wu, “Effect of Temperature on Anaerobic Fermentation of Poplar Ethanol Wastewater: Performance and Microbial Communities,” ACS Omega, vol. 8, no. 6, pp. 5486–5496, 2023, doi: 10.1021/acsomega.2c06721.
[16] J. Wu, H. Zhang, Y. Zhao, X. Yuan, and Z. Cui, “Effect of Temperature on the Inocula Preservation, Mesophilic Anaerobic Digestion Start-Up, and Microbial Community Dynamics,” Agronomy, vol. 14, no. 12, Art. no. 2991, 2024, doi: 10.3390/agronomy14122991.
[17] J. N. Meegoda, B. Li, K. Patel, and L. B. Wang, “A Review of the Processes, Parameters, and Optimization of Anaerobic Digestion,” International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, vol. 15, no. 10, Art. no. 2224, 2018, doi: 10.3390/ijerph15102224.
[18] Y. Ding, Z. Liang, Z. Guo, Z. Li, X. Hou, and C. Jin, “The Performance and Microbial Community Identification in Mesophilic and Atmospheric Anaerobic Membrane Bioreactor for Municipal Wastewater Treatment Associated with Different Hydraulic Retention Times,” Water, vol. 11, no. 1, Art. no. 160, 2019, doi: 10.3390/w11010160
[19] Y. Zhang, X. Wang, M. Hu, and P. Li, “Effect of hydraulic retention time (HRT) on the biodegradation of trichloroethylene wastewater and anaerobic bacterial community in the UASB reactor,” Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, vol. 99, no. 4, pp. 1977–1987, 2015, doi: 10.1007/s00253-014-6096-6.
[20] D. Wu, L. Li, Y. Peng, P. Yang, X. Peng, Y. Sun, et al., “State indicators of anaerobic digestion: A critical review on process monitoring and diagnosis,” Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 148, Art. no. 111260, 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.rser.2021.111260.
[21] E. K. Orhorhoro, P. O. Ebunilo, and G. E. Sadjere, “Effect of Organic Loading Rate (OLR) on Biogas Yield Using Single and Three-Stage Continuous Anaerobic Digestion Reactors,” International Journal of Engineering Research in Africa, vol. 39, pp. 147–155, 2018, doi: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/JERA.39.147.
[22] D. J. Prasanna-Kumar, R. K. Mishra, S. Chinnam, P. Binnal, and N. Dwivedi, “A comprehensive study on anaerobic digestion of organic solid waste: A review on configurations, operating parameters, techno-economic analysis and current trends,” Biotechnology Notes, vol. 5, pp. 33–49, 2024, doi: 10.1016/j.biotno.2024.02.001.
[23] D. Wu, L. Li, X. Zhao, Y. Peng, P. Yang, and X. Peng, “Anaerobic digestion: A review on process monitoring,” Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 103, pp. 1–12, 2019, doi: 10.1016/j.rser.2018.12.039.
[24] I. A. Cruz, L. R. S. Andrade, R. N. Bharagava, A. K. Nadda, M. Bilal, R. T. Figueiredo, et al., “An overview of process monitoring for anaerobic digestion,” Biosystems Engineering, vol. 207, pp. 106–119, 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2021.04.008.
[25] S. D. Kalamaras, M.-A. Tsitsimpikou, C. A. Tzenos, A. A. Lithourgidis, D. S. Pitsikoglou, and T. A. Kotsopoulos, “A Low-Cost IoT System Based on the ESP32 Microcontroller for Efficient Monitoring of a Pilot Anaerobic Biogas Reactor,” Applied Sciences, vol. 15, no. 1, Art. no. 34, 2024, doi: 10.3390/app15010034.
[26] N. Zhang, Y. Wang, M. Gai, and P. Yan, “Dynamic Soft Sensor Development Based on Hierarchical Spatiotemporal Extreme Learning Machine for Anaerobic Digestion Process,” in Proc. 2024 36th Chinese Control and Decision Conference (CCDC), Xi’an, China, 2024, pp. 3771–3776, doi: 10.1109/CCDC62350.2024.10587981.
[27] APHA, AWWA, and WEF, Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 21st ed. Washington, DC, USA: American Public Health Association, 2005.
[28] SECOFI, NMX-AA-016-1984: Protección al Ambiente–Contaminación del Suelo–Residuos Sólidos Municipales–Determinación de Humedad. Ciudad de México, México: Secretaría de Comercio y Fomento Industrial, 1992.
[29] SECOFI, NMX-AA-025-1984: Protección al Ambiente–Contaminación del Suelo–Residuos Sólidos–Determinación del pH–Método Potenciométrico. Ciudad de México, México: Secretaría de Comercio y Fomento Industrial, 1992.
[30] A. B. Mpofu, P. J. Welz, and O. O. Oyekola, “Anaerobic Digestion of Secondary Tannery Sludge: Optimisation of Initial pH and Temperature and Evaluation of Kinetics,” Waste and Biomass Valorization, vol. 11, no. 3, pp. 873–885, 2020, doi: 10.1007/s12649-018-00564-y.
[31] T. Alkhrissat, “The impact of organic loading on the anaerobic digestion of cow manure: Methane production and kinetic analysis,” Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering, vol. 9, Art. no. 100589, 2024, doi: 10.1016/j.cscee.2023.100589.
[32] A. Tamkin, J. Martin, J. Castano, R. Ciotola, J. Rosenblum, and M. Bisesi, “Impact of organic loading rates on the performance of variable temperature biodigesters,” Ecological Engineering, vol. 78, pp. 87–94, 2015, doi: 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2014.06.005.
[33] F. M. Quintino and E. C. Fernandes, “Analytical correlation to model diluent concentration repercussions on the burning velocity of biogas lean flames: Effect of CO2 and N2,” Biomass and Bioenergy, vol. 119, pp. 354–363, 2018, doi: 10.1016/j.biombioe.2018.09.034.
[34] V. Bele, B. Goyette, C. An, I. E. Achouri, O. Chaib, and R. Rajagopal, “A robust, low-temperature, closed-loop anaerobic system for high-solid mixed farm wastes: Advancing agricultural waste management solutions in Canada,” Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2024, doi: 10.1007/s11356-024-33654-7.
[35] D. P. Van, T. Fujiwara, B. L. Tho, P. P. Song-Toan, and G. Hoang-Minh, “A review of anaerobic digestion systems for biodegradable waste: Configurations, operating parameters, and current trends,” Environmental Engineering Research, vol. 25, no. 1, pp. 1–17, 2020, doi: 10.4491/eer.2018.334.
[36] B. David, B. Federico, C. Cristina, G. Marco, M. Federico, and P. Paolo, “Biohythane Production From Food Wastes,” in Biohydrogen, A. Pandey, C. Larroche, S. C. Ricke, and E. Dussap, Eds. Amsterdam, Netherlands: Elsevier, 2019, pp. 347–368, doi: 10.1016/B978-0-444-64203-5.00013-7.
[37] M. R. Atelge, H. Senol, M. Djaafri, T. A. Hansu, D. Krisa, A. Atabani, et al., “A Critical Overview of the State-of-the-Art Methods for Biogas Purification and Utilization Processes,” Sustainability, vol. 13, no. 20, Art. no. 11515, 2021, doi: 10.3390/su132011515.
[38] M. I. Darwin and A. Fazil, “Performance and kinetic study of the anaerobic co-digestion of cocoa husk and digested cow manure with high organic loading rate,” INMATEH-Agricultural Engineering, vol. 55, no. 2, pp. 131–140, 2018.
[39] M. Rasouli and B. Ataeiyan, “Investigation and Optimization of Operational Conditions of Anaerobic Digestion Process for Enhanced Biogas Production Yield in a CSTR Using RSM,” International Journal of Energy Research, 2024, Art. no. 9158477, doi: 10.1155/2024/9158477.
Descargas
Publicado
Número
Sección
Licencia
Derechos de autor 2025 Journal of Energy, Engineering Optimization and Sustainability
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0.
1. Política propuesta para revistas de acceso abierto
Los autores/as que publiquen en esta revista aceptan las siguientes condiciones:
1. Los autores/as conservan los derechos de autor y ceden a la revista el derecho de la primera publicación, con el trabajo registrado con la licencia internacional Creative Commons Reconocimiento-No comercial-Compartir igual 4.0 .de atribución de Creative Commons, que permite a terceros utilizar lo publicado siempre que mencionen la autoría del trabajo y a la primera publicación en esta revista.
2. Los autores/as pueden realizar otros acuerdos contractuales independientes y adicionales para la distribución no exclusiva de la versión del artículo publicado en esta revista (p. ej., incluirlo en un repositorio institucional o publicarlo en un libro) siempre que indiquen claramente que el trabajo se publicó por primera vez en esta revista.
3. Se permite y recomienda a los autores/as a publicar su trabajo en Internet (por ejemplo en páginas institucionales o personales) antes y durante el proceso de revisión y publicación, ya que puede conducir a intercambios productivos y a una mayor y más rápida difusión del trabajo publicado (vea The Effect of Open Access).
===================== NUEVO 2025
This work is licensed under CC BY-NC-ND 4.0
Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
This license requires that reusers give credit to the creator. It allows reusers to copy and distribute the material in any medium or format in unadapted form and for noncommercial purposes only.
- BY: Credit must be given to you, the creator.
- NC: Only noncommercial use of your work is permitted.Noncommercial means not primarily intended for or directed towards commercial advantage or monetary compensation.
- ND: No derivatives or adaptations of your work are permitted.
